Research Library
Peptide research guides
Applied guides on reconstitution, injection, storage, analytics, and route selection, plus mechanism and buyer-intent research curated by the Bangkok research desk. Every citation verified against PubMed.
Fundamentals
Practical guides to peptide handling, injection, and analysis. Read these first.
- Fundamentals · 10 min readInjection Site Selection in Peptide Research How injection site choice affects peptide absorption: abdomen, thigh, upper arm, and the research literature on site-driven pharmacokinetic differences, rotation, and needle technique.
- Fundamentals · 9 min readUnderstanding Peptide Reconstitution: A Research Guide Practical guide to reconstituting lyophilized research peptides. Choosing a diluent, concentration math, injection-site-ready volumes, and the literature on peptide stability.
- Fundamentals · 12 min readPeptide Storage, Handling, and Stability Lyophilized storage at −20 °C, reconstituted solution shelf life at 2–8 °C, freeze-thaw damage, and the cold-chain literature that applies to research peptides.
- Fundamentals · 10 min readHow to Read a Peptide Certificate of Analysis A batch-level COA is the single most informative document about a research peptide. This guide explains HPLC purity, mass-spec identity, impurity profile, and what red flags to check before accepting a vial.
- Fundamentals · 10 min readSubcutaneous vs Intramuscular Injection: Research Considerations The two main parenteral routes for research peptides behave differently. This guide covers the pharmacokinetic differences, bioavailability, accidental IM risk, and when each route is appropriate.
Buyer guides
For researchers comparing compounds by use case: healing, GH, metabolic, cognitive, longevity.
- Buyer guides · 9 min readBest Peptides for Anti-Aging: A Research Comparison Research comparison of Epithalon, MOTS-c, GHK-Cu, and Thymosin-α1 for longevity and cellular-aging research. Mechanism breakdown, comparison table, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
- Buyer guides · 9 min readBest Peptides for Cognitive Function: A Research Comparison Research comparison of Semax, Selank, Cerebrolysin, and DSIP for cognitive-function and neurotrophic research. BDNF modulation, mechanism breakdown, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
- Buyer guides · 10 min readBest Peptides for Fat Loss: A Research Comparison Research comparison of Semaglutide, Tirzepatide, Retatrutide, AOD-9604, and 5-Amino-1MQ for body-composition research. Head-to-head trial data, comparison table, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
- Buyer guides · 9 min readBest Peptides for Healing and Recovery: A Research Comparison Research comparison of BPC-157, TB-500, Thymosin-α1, and LL-37 for soft-tissue repair and recovery research. Comparison table, per-compound breakdown, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
- Buyer guides · 9 min readBest Peptides for Muscle Growth: A Research Comparison Research comparison of Ipamorelin, CJC-1295, Tesamorelin, and Hexarelin for growth-hormone and lean-mass research. Comparison table, mechanism breakdown, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
- Buyer guides · 8 min readBest Peptides for Sleep and Recovery: A Research Comparison Research comparison of DSIP, Selank, and MOTS-c for sleep-architecture and post-exertion recovery research. Mechanism breakdown, verified PubMed citations, direct ordering from the Bangkok research desk.
Deep dives
Mechanism, history, and protocol reviews on individual compounds.
- Deep dives · 10 min read5-Amino-1MQ and NNMT Inhibition in Metabolic Research Deep-dive into 5-Amino-1MQ pharmacology. Honest framing as a small molecule rather than a peptide, NNMT inhibition mechanism, NAD+ preservation biology, adipocyte research evidence, and positioning alongside peptide-class metabolic compounds.
- Deep dives · 10 min readAOD-9604 and Lipolysis: Research Mechanism Overview Deep-dive into AOD-9604 pharmacology. The hGH C-terminal fragment's lipolytic mechanism, β3-AR-independent pathway evidence, preclinical body-weight data, and why the compound didn't translate to a major clinical success despite promising mechanism.
- Deep dives · 10 min readEpithalon and Telomerase: Research Background Deep-dive into Epithalon pharmacology. Khavinson-group origin, telomerase activation hypothesis, pineal-melatonin effects, chromatin reactivation, and the gap between preclinical evidence and clinical validation.
- Deep dives · 11 min readGLP-1 Titration Protocols in Published Research The semaglutide STEP titration schedule, tirzepatide SURMOUNT titration schedule, retatrutide Phase 2 regimen, and the clinical literature on why gradual dose escalation determines whether research protocols hold together.
- Deep dives · 11 min readMOTS-c: Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides in Longevity Research Deep-dive into MOTS-c pharmacology. The mitochondrial-encoded peptide, its AMPK activation mechanism, exercise-induced production, and the emerging research across metabolic, muscle, and aging endpoints.
- Deep dives · 11 min readNootropic Peptide Mechanisms: A Research Overview Receptor-level comparison of the nootropic peptide class. Semax (ACTH-derived), Selank (tuftsin-derived), Cerebrolysin (porcine-brain peptide mix), and DSIP (delta-sleep-inducing peptide) compared by mechanism, signalling pathway, and evidence base.
- Deep dives · 10 min readSemax and Selank: BDNF Modulation in Research Models Deep-dive into the BDNF pharmacology of Semax and Selank. How two Russian-developed neuropeptides converge on BDNF and NGF expression in rat hippocampus, and what the primary literature supports.
- Deep dives · 12 min readBPC-157 Mechanism of Action: VEGF, NO Pathway, and Tendon Repair Deep-dive into BPC-157's mechanism. VEGFR2 upregulation, eNOS/Src-Caveolin-1 signalling, FAK-paxillin in tendon fibroblasts, and what the primary literature actually supports about each pathway.
- Deep dives · 11 min readCycle Design for Growth Hormone Secretagogues How to design GHS cycles that preserve response over weeks of research dosing. Tachyphylaxis biology, GHRH analog chronicity, cycle length, break periods, and what the literature supports versus what's convention.
- Deep dives · 13 min readGLP-1 Research: Mechanism, History, and Current Trials Deep-dive into the GLP-1 research programme. Discovery, receptor pharmacology, dual and triple agonism, pivotal trials for semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide, and what's still open in the class.
- Deep dives · 10 min readHealing Peptide Stacking: BPC-157 and TB-500 Research Protocols The BPC-157 + TB-500 stack: mechanism complementarity, protocol design, evidence base, and honest framing of where the literature is strong versus where it's common-practice-without-trial-support.
- Deep dives · 11 min readIpamorelin and CJC-1295: Mechanistic Differences in GH Release Deep-dive comparison of Ipamorelin and CJC-1295 at the receptor level. GHS-R1a vs GHRH-R pharmacology, selectivity, pulsatile vs sustained signalling, and why the two compounds are synergistic when stacked.
- Deep dives · 12 min readSemaglutide vs Tirzepatide: Comparing Clinical Trial Data Trial-level walkthrough of the semaglutide and tirzepatide programmes. SURPASS, SURMOUNT, STEP, SUSTAIN, SELECT: what each trial measured, how the two compounds compare on glycaemic, weight, and cardiovascular endpoints.
- Deep dives · 11 min readTB-500 Research: From Thymosin-β4 Discovery to Current Studies Deep-dive into the TB-500 research history. Thymosin-β4 discovery, actin sequestration mechanism, Ac-SDKP anti-fibrotic fragment, cardiac and dermal trial programmes, and what modern research has and hasn't settled.
- Deep dives · 11 min readTesamorelin: From HIV Lipodystrophy Trials to Current Research The clinical research history of Tesamorelin. GHRH analog design, pivotal HIV lipodystrophy trials, VAT and liver fat endpoints, long-term safety, and contemporary metabolic research beyond the original indication.
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